Gut microbiota intervention strategy and possible immunological mechanism of action against severity to malaria.

Agents that can modulate gut microbiota composition or deplete gut bacteria that can influence gut or systemic immunity are shown. Dotted arrow indicates the potential interactions which need further validation. Color of arrows connect gut microbiota modifying agents and their impact on respective immune cells. Role of different immune populations to inhibit or exacerbate various stage and types of malaria are connected. Although, the exact mechanism on how gut microbiota impacts severe malaria is unknown, this figure provides a plausible connection between gut microbiota and malaria severity. Figure was created with BioRender.com.