Cet article est disponible en ligne à l'adresse : http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_REVUE=EG&ID_NUMPUBLIE=EG_372&ID_ARTICLE=EG_372_0131International audienceIn long-term history, the question of place names in South Africa can be characterised by two major issues: firstly, plurilinguism and the hierarchy of local languages (with arguments around their respective superiority, antecedence or operationality); secondly, the symbolic and memorial marking of the territory by using icons of the different struggles of the South African past. Questions of language and memory overlap, and are often jointly instrumentalised by a given community. This paper suggests that toponymic choices deal with more than these questions of recognisance and prece...