International audiencenitiatives on behalf of sustainable development are often criticized for inadequate consideration and advice of local issues and replication of decontextualized good practices only. This is particularly the case in Arab countries with authoritarian regimes. This article reviews the experience of the Development Strategy of Greater Sfax, considered as a success by many international, Tunisian and Sfaxian actors. We seek to identify the factors behind this relative success, while emphasizing the limits of this experiment. The article first presents the debate on sustainable urban development in Arab countries and especially in the Tunisian context. T hen it analyzes the experience of Sfax emphasizing the role of internat...