https://presses-universitaires.univ-amu.fr/International audienceThis chapter focuses on the “truncated branch” of contemporary Spanish culture constituted by the republican exile of 1939 (in its senses of diaspora and cultural corpus). It proposes to study the process of its “reintegration” to the nation during the democratic Transition. The crisis of the Franco regime and the death of the dictator opened to exiles the possibility of return. The chapter analyzes thus the reception of these returns from exile in Transition Spain, and more precisely the public uses of the figure and the production of the exiled intellectuals by the determining actors of this process (governments, opposition groups and the media). The starting hypothesis is t...