Outstanding fracture toughness combines gigapascal yield strength in an N-doped heterostructured medium-entropy alloy

The superior strength and toughness balance prevails in the face-centered-cubic-structured high/medium-entropy alloys (H/MEAs) of low strength, while a gain in yield strength is normally accompanied by a sacrifice in toughness, leading to the strength and toughness trade-off particularly when yield strength increases to the gigapascal levels. Here, we showed the superior fracture toughness by heterostructuring an N-doped CrCoNi MEA having different levels of yield strength higher than 1 GPa. The fracture toughness was 91 MPa.m(1/2) at yield strength of 1.3 GPa in the heterogeneous lamella structure and 168 MPa.m(1/2) at yield strength of 1.0 GPa in the heterogeneous grain structure. The fracture toughness was attributed to forest hardening plus an extra hetero-deformation induced hardening. The pile-ups of geometrically necessary dislocations were observed to be formed at the domain boundaries to accommodate strain gradient at the plastic zone of the crack tip. The chemical short-range orders were found for the enhanced strain hardening near the crack tip by the interaction with dislocations. Moreover, a new parameter was proposed to characterize the work hardening capacity at the crack tip by the integral of hardness increment in the plastic zone which shows a linear relation-ship with the J-integral value during the crack initiation