A Study of the Mixed-age Nursing I The Trend of Child's Selection in the Playing Spots

この研究は年齢の異なった幼児を混合して保育しようとする場合,幼児はどのような遊び場面を選択して遊ぶかその選択傾向について考察し,どのような指導をすればよいかという点について検討されたものである。研究の結果3.4.5歳児を通して選択率の高い遊びは,友だちとのかかわりの多い遊びである。また3歳児4歳児5歳児と年齢別にみた選択傾向では年齢の低い幼児ほどクラス担任が関与している遊びコーナーを選択し,年齢が高くなるに従ってその割合は低下するものの担任教師とのつながりが介在している。遊びの回数を重ねるに従って担任志向の%は下がるが遊びの間隔が開く場合にはおおむね高くなる傾向にある。これは特に3歳児クラスから4歳年少クラスに顕著に表われる。4歳年長から5歳児クラスの中には遊びの回数を重ねるほどに選択場面の固定化がみられる。異年齢混合保育を考えるにあたっては,これらの選択傾向を考慮してひとりひとりの子どもを生かし子どもが育ち合う場面のある遊びを創造する必要がある。The present study is concerned with children's tendencies in the selection of playing stots and the guidance of mixed-aged children when they are nursed together. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Our subjects, the three; four- and five-year-olds, tend to seek the cooperation with friends when choosing a game. 2) It seems that the younger our subjects are, the more likely they are to choose games in which their class-instructors participate. But even the older children still require their teachers as mediators. 3) The more frequently the mixed-aged children play together in the playing spots they like, the less they tend to need their class-teachers, and this tendency is found particularly among the three-year-olds and the younger four-year-olds. 4) As this trial is repeated, the fixation is observed in the choice of playing spots among the older four-year-olds and the five-year-olds. Therefore, when the mixed-aged children are nursed together, it seems necessary to consider these results, and create a playing situation in which they can help each other grow up