The Effects of Help Intentionality,Type of Outcomes and Donor's Costs on Restitution

本研究の目的は，援助意図性，援助成果および援助出費の返礼行動に及ぼす効果を検証することにあった。被験者は大学生男女70名であり，ある仮想場面での援助行動についての反応を求められた。主な結果は次のとおりであった。1．自発的援助を受けた者は強制的援助の受け手に比べて援助をありがたく感じ，援助者を好意的に評意した。2．援助が成功した場合，被援助者は援助者に対して強い返礼義務を感じ，援助者に好意を示した。3．援助出費が大きいほど，被援助者は援助者にすまなさを感じ，相手を好ましく評価し，より強い返礼義務を感じていた。これらの結果は，補償規範と互恵規範の活性化が返礼行動を促進させることを示していた。The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of help intentionality,type of outcomes,and donor's costs on restitution.In experiment,seventy subjects were asked to place themselves in the role of a hypothetical student who was confronted an altruistic situation and to answer a series of questions regarding their reactions to that situation.The results indicated that feeling of gratitude was stronger among recipients when altruistic behavior was voluntary than when it was compulsory.And the obligation to reciprocate donor was stronger in the voluntary help condition than in the compulsory help condition.With regard to type of outcomes,successful help produced greater obligation to reciprocate donor and greater liking for donor.The results revealed that he high-cost condition yieled the strongest feeling of sorriness.The recipient in the high-cost condition also estimated donor more positively than the recipient in the low-cost condition.These results suggested that the activation of compensatory norm would facilitate the restitution