Development of Narratives in Young Children

幼児期のナラティヴの能力の獲得過程について文献展望を行った。最初に乳児期から幼児期初期にかけてのナラティヴの発達について概観した。特に, 子ども達が自らの経験の中から獲得し, その後の経験を体制化して行く上で重要な役割を果たしていると考えられるスクリプトの成立過程と, 自伝的記憶の関係について検討した。次に, 幼児期におけるナラティヴ, 特に構造化され, 首尾一貫した物語を語る能力がどの様に獲得されて行くのかを概観した。その上で親, 特に母親の働きかけがナラティヴの獲得に及ぼす影響について検討し, 最後に, そうした母親の働きかけを規定している社会・文化的信念とナラティヴの関係についての検討を行った。Research on the development of narratives in young children were reviewed. There were four parts in this review. First, the relationship between early narrative skills and scripts, which were acquired through children's everyday experience, was dis-cussed. Second, narrative skills in preschool children, especially the ability of story telling, in which they were gradually able to construct structured and coherent stories, were discussed. Third, the role of mothers to develop children's narrative skills were reviewed. And last, the relationship between narratives and social and cultural beliefs were discussed