Some Experiments of Mixture Flow of Sand and Water in a Horizontal Pipe : 1st Report, Effects of the Granular Size on the Loss of Head

In order to investigate the effects of granular size on the loss of head when the mixture of water and sand or gravel flows through a horizontal pipe, the author carried out some experiments, using a transparent smooth pipe of which length was about 4 000 mm and inner diameter 38.5 mm, under various conditions of granular sizes (0.5～5.0 mm), concentration (0～20% by wgt.) and mean velocity of flow (0.8～5 m/s). Results obtained are summarized as follows : 1) Additional loss of head due to grains increases rapidly with the increase of granular size in the region of the suspension flow. 2) From calculation of the data obtained and visual inspection of flow, it can be concluded that the flow of mixture of water and sand or gravel in this test shows a transition region in heterogeneous flow classified by Durand