FACT AND FICTION IN ORAL TRADITIONS AND LEGENDS WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION TO KORČULA

U radu se govori o odnosu fikcije i fakcije u usmenim predaja i legendama s posebnim obzirom na Korčulu. Definirane su fikcija, fakcija, te njihov odnos općenito i u priloženim primjerima. Fikcija je novokreirana zbilja književnog djela koja je utemeljena u fakciji, u zbiljskim događajima, temama i akterima. Prikazane su povijesne, etiološke, mitske i demonološke predaje i legende, te su, gdje je bilo moguće, predaje i legende potkrijepljene relevantnim informacijama i pojašnjenjima. Ustanovljeno je da su fikcija i fakcija u usmenim predaja i legendama međusobno neodvojive, te da precizno razgraničenje među njima nije moguće, ali ni potrebno. Korčulanske predaje i legende utemeljene su u zbilji, i u njih se vjerovalo. Spomen su vjerovanja, nazora, stajališta, mentaliteta i običaja, međusobnih odnosa, lokalnih specifičnosti i tisućljetne prisutnosti na ovim prostorima. Usmena književnost čuva, ne samo povijesne istine, već i kulturu i identitet naroda i zato je trebamo popisivati i o njoj govoriti.This paper discusses the relationship between fact and fiction in oral traditions and legends with special consideration to Korčula. Fiction and fact are defined, their relation in general and to the given examples. Fiction is the newly created reality of a literary work which is based in fact, in real events, themes, and persons. Historical, etiological, mythic and demonological stories and legends are substantiated by relevant information and elaboration. It is established that fiction and fact in oral tradition and legends are mutually inseperable and that precise division between the two is not possible, nor necessary. The tales and legends of Korčula were based in reality, and they were believed in. They are a memory of beliefs, views, opinions, mentalities and traditions, mutual relations, local specificities and a thousand-year presenced in these parts. Oral literature keeps not only historical truths, but also the culture and identity of a nation and that is why we must write it down and speak about it