Integration of Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles into Intelligent Transportation Infrastructure

Porastom prometnog opterećenja u gradovima dolazi do velikih zagušenja i samim time povećanja rizika prometovanjem cestovnim prometom. Dosadašnja rješenja poput izgradnje novih prometnica i slično postaju neučinkovita na duži vremenski period te zahtijevaju velika financijska ulaganja. Za stvaranje novih inovativnih rješenja koja se temelji na pametnim tehnologijama bavi se grana prometa inteligentni transportni sustavi (engl. Intelligent Transportation System - ITS). Temeljni koncept ITS-a je da se stvori takva infrastruktura koja se temelji na kooperacijskom djelovanju sudionika prometa i same infrastrukture korištenjem nove tehnologije. Ovim diplomskim radom istražuje se mogućnost primjene bespilotnih letjelica u novim ITS rješenjima. Rad pruža pogled povijesnog razvoja bespilotnih letjelica, klasifikaciju te načine autonomnog upravljanja bespilotnih letjelica. Nadalje, radom su istražena područja primjene sustava bespilotnih letjelica u okviru prometa. Isto tako istraženi su načini implementacije bespilotnih letjelica u postojeće ITS infrastrukture, te je istražena metodologija izrade sub-arhitekture ITS usluga koje primjenjuju autonomne bespilotne letjelice. Također, prema definiranoj metodologiji izrađen je primjer izrade ITS sub-arhitekture koristeći programski alat Enterprise Architect. Na kraju, sve je popraćeno analizom europske i nacionalne regulative za primjenu bespilotnih letjelica.An increase of traffic in cities leads to heavy congestions and, therefore, an increase of risk in road traffic. Previus solutions such as the construction of new roads and the like prove to be a insufficient long term solutions and require large financial investments. Instead a branch in traffic called Intelligent Transportation Systems are all about creating new inovative solutions based on smart technologies. The basic concept of ITS is to create such an infrastrucure based on the cooperative action of traffic participants and the infrastructure itself using new technology. This graduate work investigates the possibility of using unmmaned aerial vehicles as a component of new or existing ITS solutions. The paper provide san overview of the historical development of unmanned aerial vehicles, classification and ways of autonomous management of unmanned aerial vehicles. Furthermore, the work explored the areas of application of unmanned aerial vehicle system sin the context of traffic. Ways of implementing drones into existing ITS infrastructures were also investigated, as well as methodology of creating sub-architecture of ITS services using autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles. Also, according to the defined methodology an example of creating an ITS subarchitecture was created using Enterprise Architect software tool. Finally, everything is accompanied by an analysis of European and national regulations for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles