The effect of noise on humans and neasures of protection against noise at the workplaces

Buka je svaki neželjeni zvuk koji utječe na sluh, ali i na ljudsko zdravlje, tako što uzrokuje psihičke i fizičke smetnje. Ona loše utječe na naše živote, kao i na našu okolinu te je moramo pravovremeno prepoznati, analizirati i smanjiti. Buka koja na radnom mjestu utječe na zdravlje radnika može uzrokovati profesionalne bolesti, zbog čega dolazi do narušavanja zdravstvene sposobnosti radnika, ali i smanjenje produktivnosti industrijskih postrojenja. Kako bi se utvrdio i vrednovao rizik kod izloženosti buci, obavezno se moraju provesti mjerenja buke. Mjerenja je potrebno u odgovarajućim periodima planirati i provoditi od strane ovlaštenog stručnjaka, a mjerni instrumenti moraju biti pouzdani, kalibrirani i u dobrom stanju. Mjerenja se moraju provesti za sva radna mjesta i za sve osobe koje će možda biti izložene buci. U okviru procjene rizika određuje se stvarna izloženost buci za svakog radnika koji sudjeluje u radnom procesu. Ukoliko vrijednosti premašuju one određene Zakonima i pravilnicima, preporučuju se odgovarajuće mjere zaštite od buke. U ovom radu izmjerene su vrijednosti buke na različitim radnim mjestima u industriji za gospodarenje otpadom. Prilikom analiziranja rezultata vidljiva su prekoračenja dopuštenih vrijednosti za buku u zatvorenoj kabini radnog stroja i buku u otvorenoj kabini viličara na ruti kroz postrojenje te je preporučena primjena sredstava za zaštitu sluha i upotreba osobne zaštitne opreme.Noise is any unwanted sound that affects hearing, as well as human health, by causing mental and physcial disturbances. It has a bad effect on our lives, as well as on our environment, and we must recognize, analyze and recude it in a timely manner. Noise that affevts the health of woekws at the workplaces can cause occupational diseases, which can impair the health of workes, as well as reduce the productivity of industrial plants. In order to determine and evaluate the risk of expouse to noise, noise measurements must be carried out. Measurements must be planned carried out at appropriate intervals by an authorized expert, and the measuring instruments must be reliable, calibrated and in good condition.Measurements musre be carred out for all workplaces and for all person who may be exponsed to noise. As part of the risk assessment, the actualexposure to noise is determined by Laws and Refulations, appropriate noise protection measures are recommended. In this work, noise values were at diffrent workplaces in the waste managment industry. When analyzing the results, the permissible values in the waste for noise in the closed cabin of the worrking machine and the noise in the open cabin of the forklift on the routine through the plant werw exceeded, and the use of hearing protection and the use of personal protective equipment were recommended