The correlation between crisis management and charismatic leadership in large enterprises in the Republic of Croatia

U današnjim okvirima poslovanja, promjene u upravljanju procesima svakodnevan su način prilagodbe poduzeća promjenama njegove okoline. Suvremenost poslovanja temeljena je na brzoj i promišljenoj reakciji na svaki izazov, s kojim se poduzeće suočava. Nerijetko, iznenadne i nepredvidive situacije mogu prerasti u poslovnu krizu, ukoliko poduzeće nije bilo spremno na pravodobnu i odgovarajuću reakciju. Diplomski rad obuhvaća pojmove krize i kriznog menadžmenta te se primarno orijentira na upravljanje kriznim situacijama s naglaskom na karakteristike i kvalitete kriznog menadžera, u ovom kontekstu, predsjednika uprave poduzeća. Također, prikazuju se pojmovi karizme i karizmatskog vodstva s ciljem povezivanja odlika uspješnog karizmatskog vođe u kontekstu upravljanja krizom. Provedenim istraživanjem putem online upitnika, ispitana je prisutnost kriznih timova i procesa otkrivanja signala rizika, kao i spremnost organizacije na krizne situacije. Pritom se istražuju očekivanja prema upravi poduzeća u suočavanju s krizom te u postupanju nakon krize. Također, ispituju se karizmatska obilježja vođe organizacije, njegov utjecaj na sljedbenike te sklonost djelovanju za dobrobit organizacije u neizvjesnim okolnostima. Ispitano je 60 zaposlenika velikih poduzeća u Republici Hrvatskoj, od kojih 83,3% ne obnaša voditeljsku funkciju. Ispitanici su odgovarali na 46 pitanja zatvorenog tipa s mogućnosti višestrukog odabira. Cilj istraživanja jest analizirati ulogu i učinak karizmatskih karakteristika vođe poslovne organizacije u suočavanju i prevladavanju poslovne krize. Rezultati anketnog upitnika ukazuju na prisutnost nedovoljno organizirane spremnosti na potencijalne krize, uz nedostatak kriznih timova i unaprijed određenih procesa za pristup rješavanju krizne situacije. Izražena su visoka očekivanja prema upravi poduzeća u stvaranju svijesti o krizi, dodjeljivanju zadataka i odgovornosti te promicanju pouka naučenih iz prethodno prevladanih kriza. Uz navedeno, pokazalo se da su vođe poduzeća izrazito proaktivni te inspirativni motivatori zaposlenika te da je njihova angažiranost u prepoznavanju prilika i ograničenja iz okoline sveprisutna. Dosljednost u stvaranju novih ideja te naglašavanju važnosti dužnosti zaposlenika, odlike su karizmatskog vođe, koji djeluje utjecajno na svoje sljedbenike. Veliki se udjeli ispitanih, potpuno ili gotovo potpuno slažu s prethodnom pretpostavkom.In today's business world, changes in process management are a continuous way for a company to adapt to its dynamic environment. The modernity of the business is based on a quick and thoughtful reaction to every challenge that the company faces. Quite often, sudden and unpredictable situations can turn into a business crisis, if the company was not ready for a fast and appropriate reaction. This master's thesis includes the concepts of crisis and crisis management and is primarily oriented towards the management of crisis situations, with an emphasis on the characteristics and qualities of a crisis manager, the president of the company's board. Also, the concepts of charisma and charismatic leadership are presented with the aim of connecting the qualities of a successful charismatic leader in the context of crisis management. The research conducted through an online questionnaire examined the presence of crisis teams and the process of detecting risk signals, as well as the organization's readiness for crisis situations. At the same time, the expectations towards the management of the company in dealing with the crisis and dealing with it after the crisis are investigated. Also, the charismatic characteristics of the leader of the organization, his influence on the followers and the tendency to act for the benefit of the organization in uncertain circumstances are examined. 60 employees of large companies in the Republic of Croatia were surveyed, of which 83.3% do not hold a managerial position. Respondents answered 46 closed-ended questions with the possibility of multiple selection. The goal of the research is to analyze the role and effect of the charismatic leader of a business organization in facing and overcoming a business crisis. The results of the survey form indicate the presence of insufficiently organized preparedness for potential crises, in addition to the lack of crisis teams and predetermined processes for dealing with a crisis situation. High expectations were expressed for the management of the company in creating awareness about the crisis, assigning tasks and responsibilities and promoting the lessons learned from previously overcome crises. In addition, it has been shown that company leaders are extremely proactive and inspiring motivators towards the employees and that their engagement in recognizing opportunities and limitations from the environment is ubiquitous. Consistency in creating new ideas and emphasizing the importance of the employees' duties are the characteristics of a charismatic leader, who influences his followers. Large number of respondents completely and almost completely agree with the previous assumption