High Voltage Backup Power Supply Design and Optimization for Engine Inverters in Road-capable Electric Vehicles

Flyback napajanja jedna su od najčešćih topologija istosmjernih pretvarača u modernoj industriji. Koriste se u uređajima široke primjene, od punjača mobitela i napajanja osobnih računala do visokonaponskih zaslona i lasera. Unutar ovog diplomskog rada analizira se osnovni koncept rada flyback topologije, objašnjava razlika između tri glavna režima rada i opravdava izbor režima s obzirom na primjenu napajanja. Također, kao praktični dio rada, projektira se 15-voltno, quasi-resonant visokonaponsko pričuvno flyback napajanje izlazne snage do 45 W koje svoju primjenu nalazi unutar cestovnih električnih automobila. Napajanje mora raditi na rasponu ulaznog napajanja od 100V do 920V te pratiti regulativne norme tipične za autoindustriju. Projektiranje takvog napajanja uključuje: izbor mikrokontrolera s karakteristikama koje podržavaju specifikacije napajanja, proračun te modeliranje flyback transformatora, analizu izbora komponenti prilagođenih za cestovnu uporabu te dizajn shema i tiskane pločice unutar Altium Designer-a. Naposljetku, napajanje prolazi kroz ispitivanja koja će se koristiti za daljnja unaprjeđenja u sljedećim iteracijama projekta.Flyback power supplies are one of the most common topologies of DC converters in the modern industry. They have a wide area of applications, from mobile phone chargers and personal computer power supplies to high-voltage screens and lasers. Within this Master's thesis, the basic concept of the flyback topology is analyzed, the difference between the three main modes of operation is explained and the choice of a particular mode is justified with regard to the power supply application. Also, as a practical part of the work, a 15 V quasi-resonant high-voltage backup flyback power supply with an output power of up to 45 W is designed, which is used in road electric cars. The design of such a power supply includes the choice of a microcontroller with characteristics that support the specifications of the power supply, the calculation and modeling of the flyback transformer, the analysis of the choice of automotive-grade components, and the design of schematics and printed circuit boards within Altium Designer. Finally, the power supply undergoes initial tests that will be used for further improvements in subsequent iterations