SPECIFIC INJURIES IN PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL

Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati probleme ozljeda u nogometu te načine prevencije i zbrinjavanja nastalih ozljeda. Iako su dinamika i borbenost nogometa zaslužni za njegovu popularnost, upravo zbog njih dolazi do različitih ozljeda tijekom utakmica i treninga. Korištenjem različitih istraživanja kroz ovaj rad se pokušava ukazati na količinu ozljeda kroz određena razdoblja, vrstu ozljeda, ali i mjesta koja su najčešće pogođena tim ozljedama. Pretpostavlja se da se najveći broj ozljeda veže uz donje ekstremitete radi načina igre. Priprema nogometaša kroz treninge trebala bi biti usmjerena na mišićne skupine vezane za optimalnu funkciju donjih ekstremiteta. Trening nogometaša trebao bi sadržavati protokole koji imaju preventivnu ulogu kako bi se smanjila stopa ozljeda. Istraživanje UEFA-e kojim se na kraju rada prikazalo stvarno stanje ozljeda u određenim nogometnim sezonama, napravljeno je usporedbom 25 timova kod kojih se pratila prisutnost ozljeda, njihov način nastanka, mjesto nastanka, tip nastalih ozljeda te posljedice koje je ta ozljeda ostavila. Uspoređivana je izloženost nogometaša tijekom treninga i utakmice kako bi se pronašao što bolji način prevencije. Tijekom pisanja rada korištene su navedene baze podataka: PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate.The aim of this paper is to show the problems of injuries in football and the methods of prevention and treatment of the resulting injuries. Although the dynamism and combativeness of football are responsible for its popularity, it is precisely because of them that various injuries occur during matches and training. Through the summary of various researches, this paper tries to indicate the amount of injuries during certain periods, the type of injuries, but also the body parts that are often affected by these injuries. It is assumed that the majority of injuries are related to the lower extremities due to the way the game is played. Preparation of soccer players through training should be focused on muscle groups related to optimal function of the lower extremities. The training of soccer players should include protocols that have a preventive role in order to reduce the rate of injuries. UEFA's research, which is presented at the end of the paper showed the actual state of injuries in certain football seasons, was made by comparing 25 teams where the presence of injuries, their manner of occurrence, place of occurrence, type of injuries and the consequences of that injury were monitored. The exposure of football players during training and matches was compared in order to find the best possible way of prevention. During the writing of the paper, the following databases were used: PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate