Optimalisasi Produksi dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jahe pada Beberapa Naungan

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. The rhizome of the ginger plant contains two classes of constituents: essential oils and oleoresins, which are useful for treating various diseases such as; diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer, and many other diseases. This study aims to see the effect of shading on plant growth, biomass, and gingerol content. The research was conducted at the Cikabayan Education Garden in July 2021-April 2022. This experiment used a one-factor Randomized Group Design, namely shade consisting of four levels, namely N0 0% (full light), and paranet with a density of N1 = 25%, N2 = 50%, and N3 = 75%. Each treatment was repeated three times, so there were 12 experimental units, each experimental unit had 6 sample plants. The results showed that shading with 50% and 75% density produced the highest plant height and number of ginger leaves compared to no shading and 25% density shading. Plant biomass components were influenced by shading. Shade treatment was not significantly different in leaf thickness, number of stomata, and stomatal density. The treatment of shading on gingerol compound levels in ginger plants gave a significant difference in 75% shading treatment, the highest value was in the 50% density shading treatment with a value of 12.10. Ginger plants can be grown and adapt well to low light intensity. Keywords: biomass, gingerol, intensity, rhizomeJahe (Zingiber officinale) merupakan tumbuhan herba tahunan termasuk famili Zingiberaceae. Rimpang tanaman jahe mengandung dua kelas konstituen: minyak atsiri dan oleoresin, yang bermanfaat untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit seperti; diabetes, tekanan darah tinggi, kanker dan banyak penyakit lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh naungan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman, biomassa dan kandungan gingerol. Percobaan dilakukan di Kebun Pendidikan Cikabayan bulan Juli 2021-April 2022. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok satu faktor yaitu naungan yang terdiri dari empat taraf yaitu N0 0% (cahaya penuh), dan paranet dengan kerapatan N1 = 25%, N2 = 50% dan N3 = 75%. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali, sehingga terdapat 12 unit percobaan, masing-masing unit percobaan memiliki 6 tanaman contoh. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian naungan dengan kerapatan 50% dan 75% menghasilkan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun jahe tertinggi dibandingkan tanpa naungan dan naungan kerapatan 25%. Komponen biomassa tanaman dipengaruhi oleh pemberian naungan. Pemberian perlakuan naungan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap tebal daun, jumlah stomata dan kerapatan stomata. Perlakuan pemberian naungan terhadap kadar senyawa gingerol pada tanaman jahe memberikan perbedaan yang nyata pada perlakuan naungan 75%, nilai tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan naungan dengan kerapatan 50% dengan nilai 12.10. Tanaman jahe dapat ditanam dan beradaptasi baik pada intensitas cahaya yang rendah.Kata kunci: biomass, gingerol, intensitas, rimpan