PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN SECONDARY EDUCATION IN ERSTWHILE FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS (FATA), PAKISTAN

The main aim of the study was to find out problems and issues in secondary education in erstwhile federally administered tribal areas. The nature of the research is descriptive and quantitative was collected Self-designed questionnaire. The researcher has selected three districts i.e Khyber, Mohmand, and Orakzai district, and four schools from each district as a sample of the study through convenient sampling. Further, the researcher selected eight students from each school which made 96 students in number. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS-25) was used for obtaining results and the same was present in the form of frequency and percentages. The result of the study was showing that Socio-demographic Problems, the majority of the students reported that there are restrictions on education in the sampled area, Joint family is a cause of low secondary education and Due to poverty, children are deprived of secondary education. Due to Inter-tribal conflicts, the enrollment in secondary level is very low in this area. Moreover, the Negative attitude of the community towards education is the cause of low secondary education. The Administrative Factors, Non-availability of adequate educational institutions is the main cause of low secondary education, Most of the teachers are non-local due to which secondary education is very low and Politicians of sampled areas are not taking interest in school problems due to which secondary education is very low. It is also the Quality of Education and Curriculum, Low qualification of teachers is mostly affecting secondary education of this area. Moreover inappropriate recruitment of teachers adversely affects the teaching-learning process at the secondary level, Teachers’ in-competencies lead to the negligence of teaching the important and updated parts of the curriculum which is the cause of low secondary education. The curriculum is not according to the need of the students and does not help in the practical life of students, due to which secondary education is low in this area. The study recommended that Authorities may increase the number of qualified teachers; the irrelevant curriculum is one of the major issues in secondary education because the current curriculum is undoubtedly according to the need of the time but not according to the need of the people of erstwhile FATA. The government should make education economically beneficial and opportunities should be provided to educated people and the problems related to teachers may also be solved.Keywords: Problems, Issues, Socio-demographic Problems, Administrative Factors, Quality of Education, Curriculu