Development of a Novel Device for Non-invasive Leg Fluid Volume Measurements

Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis is a non-invasive technique to measure fluid content of tissues. Based on Ohm’s law, tissue impedance is measured by injecting current into tissue and measuring the voltage. Since impedance is inversely proportional to fluid volume, this is used to estimate the fluid volume of the segment. BIA devices can be expensive and require gel electrodes, which are inconvenient and can irritate the skin. Furthermore, the typical method of measuring whole-body impedance is inaccurate due to the non-uniform current path across the body. Since fluid volume in the leg is representative of whole-body hydration, we propose a novel device that uses dry electrodes in a convenient sock format to measure fluid volume in the leg. Based on previous research of our lab, an integrated system was developed. Finally, in collaboration with an industrial partner producing smart textiles, the feasibility of dry electrodes for use in BIA was assessed.M.H.Sc