Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Gloriosa superba Linn (Langli) Roots on Reproductive System and Cardiovascular Parameters in Female Rats

Purpose: Gloriosa superba Linn (liliaceae) has been used to induce labor in the traditional Indian system of medicine. The objective of the study was to evaluate the activity of the aqueous extract of Gloriosa superba (AL) root on the female reproductive system of rat. Methods: The aqueous extract of Gloriosa superba was prepared by simple maceration. Phytochemical analysis as well as toxicity (in mice) and antifertility studies, uterotrophic assay, duciduoma model, uterotonic assessment in-vitro and in-vivo of aqueous extract was carried out in rats. Oxytocin was used as the uterotonic reference standard. The effect of the extract on cardiovascular parameters was also evaluated. Results: Phytochemical analysis shows presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and glycosides in the aqueous extract of Gloriosa superba. The extract yield was 6 % and was found to be was safe at a dose as high as 550 mg/kg body weight. Antifertility study showed early abortificient activity. No increase in uterus and ducidual weight was observed. Both the reference (oxytocin) and the extract produced dose-dependent contractions but the extract had no effect on heart parameters and blood pressure. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of Gloriosa superba showed oxytocic activity and early abortifacient activity which may be due to the presence of alkaloids such as colchicine. This provides justification for its use in traditional medicine