Multivariate analysis of genetic diversity in kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus (L.)

African Crop Science Journal Vol.5. No.2, pp. 127-133, 1997 Multivariate analysis of genetic diversity in kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus (L.) B. A. OGUNBODEDE Code Number: CS97019 Sizes of Files: Text: 24.5K Graphics: Line drawings (gif) - 9.9K ABSTRACT Fifty-four (54) accessions of kenaf of diverse eco-geographical origins were evaluated in an 8 x 8 lattice design in three environments in south-western Nigeria. Two multivariate techniques - the coefficient of racial likeness (CRL) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to assess the extent of genetic divergence among the accessions. The CRL distances for the 1431 possible pairs of accessions were each less than 2.0. This does not necessarily suggest lack of genetic diversity among the accessions. The first three principal axess accounted for 67.17% of the total variation among the accessions. From a two-dimensional ordination of the first two principal axes, six clusters can be identified. Clustering was closely related to average CRL values and there was no relationship between clustering and eco-geographical distributions. The analysis of CRL values showed that butt-diameter and fiber yield each accounted for 13.0% of the variation detected in the accessions. Plant height and retting percentage each contributed 11.3% while core weight, number of leaves per plant, core percentage and fresh plant weight contributed 12.5, 10.3, 10.2 and 10.0%, respectively. The implications of these findings in kenaf improvement programmes are discussed. Key Words: Coefficient of racial likeness. genetic diversity, principal component analysis RESUME Cinquante-quatre (54) echantillons de kenaf provenant de differents milieux geographiques ont ete evalues dans un quadrat de 8 x 8 placettes dans trois environnements du sud-ouest du Nigeria. Deux techniques multivariees - le coefficient de similitude raciale (CRL) et l'analyse de la composante principale (PCA) ont ete utilisees pour evaluer l'importance de la divergence entre les echantillons. Les distances CRL de 1431 paires d'echantillons possibles se sont sevelees toutes inferieures a 2.0. Cela ne signifie pas necessairement un manque de diversite genetique entre les echantillons. Les premiers trois principaux axes representaient 67.17% de la variation totale entre les echantillons. A partir d'une ordination a deux dimensions de deux premiers principaux axes, on peut identifier six groupes. Le groupage etait etroitement lie aux valeurs moyennes CRL. Il n'y avait donc pas de lien entre le groupage et les distributions eco-geographiques. L'analyse des valeurs CRL a montre que le diametre des souches et la production totale de fibre representaient 13.0% de la variation detectee parmi les echantillons. La hauteur de la plante et le pourcentage total de l'evaluation ont contribue chacun pour 11.3%. Par contre, le poids de la partie centrale, le nombre de feuilles par plante, le pourcentage de la partie centrale et la poids frais de la plante ont contribue pour 12.5, 10.3, 10.2 et 10.0% respectivement. Les implications de ces resultats dans les programmes d'amelioration du kenaf sont discutes. Mots Cles: Coefficient de similitude raciale, divernsite genetique, analyse de la composante principale Copyright 1997 The African Crop Science Societ