The Effect of Experimental Learning Methods on Students' Cognitive Abilities in Science Learning

Learning is a process of teaching and learning activities created by teachers to grow and develop cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities. At present, there are still teachers who use rote learning methods so that students rarely get the opportunity to voice their opinions, find solutions to problems and participate actively in learning. This study aims to find out and show how experimental learning methods affect students' cognitive abilities in science learning in class IV SDN Ciracas 15 Pagi, East Jakarta. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using a quasy experimental design. A total of 53 students from one of Ciracas Elementary Schools in East Jakarta, both from class IV-A and IV-C were selected as samples using purposive sampling technique. To measure students' cognitive abilities, in this study data collection was carried out using the test method with cognitive ability test instruments in the form of multiple choice questions. Data analysis was performed using the t test. Based on the results of the data analysis, the results of the study show that the experimental class in science learning has significantly higher cognitive abilities, namely x̄ = 81.718 compared to students in the control class, namely x̄ = 73,857.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuatitatif dengan menggunakan quasy experimental design yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui serta menunjukkan bagaimana metode pembelajaran eksperimen mempengaruhi kemampuan kognitif siswa pada pembelajaran IPA di kelas IV SDN Ciracas 15 Pagi Jakarta Timur. Sebanyak 53 siswa dari salah satu SDN Ciracas di Jakarta Timur, baik dari kelas IV-A maupun IV-C dipilih sebagai sampel dengan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Untuk mengukur kemampuan kognitif siswa, dalam penelitian ini pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode tes dengan instrumen tes kemampuan kognitif berupa soal pilihan ganda. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data tersebut, maka hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di kelas eksperimen dalam pembelajaran IPA memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan yaitu x̄ = 81,718 dibandingkan dengan siswa di kelas kontrol yaitu x̄ = 73,8