Sistema de comunicación inalámbrico basado en el protocolo Zigbee

In this project has been developed a communication system based on the ZigBee protocol, composed of a coordinator and two end devices. The coordinator node is the master device in the network, is responsible for creating it, manages the association of new end devices and is the center of the communication system which have a star topology. It is designed to monitor in a segment LCD screen both the temperature of each point where the end devices are placed and the network, showing a series of parameters that allows to check the status of the network and that everything works properly. To develope the project has been used a platform of the Atmel company which incorporates the microcontroller ATmega256RFR2, also incorporates a wireless communication module which conforms to the IEEE 802.15.4, standard that reuses the ZigBee protocol for its physical and MAC layers. This microcontroller is compatible with the ZigBee stack provided by Atmel which has been used in this project for implementing the coordinator and end devices application program. Has been designed and assembled a printed circuit board to connect the LCD screen with the coordinator and control it via software, a power stage has been implemented in a prototype board for each one of the end devices as well as the application software, services and drivers to have a strong and organized program architecture. The target set for this project is to design and implement a communication network based on ZigBee protocol that serves as basis to further develop of an useful application which help to improve some aspect of life. The features that have been marked as a target for the communication system are: 1. Use the ZigBee communication protocol. 2. The network will have a star topology, in which the coordinator is the central node and all the end devices will be connected with him directly. 3. The network shall be of at least three nodes. 4. The end nodes will pair automatically with the coordinator, this means that the network must be managed autonomously, without manual configuration. 5. One of the nodes will be equipped with a LCD screen to display characteristic parameters of the network and to verify its proper operation. These parameters are: network size, link quality and packets sent by each device. 6. The nodes should not rely of energy supply from the mains, so it must be powered by a battery. 7. The energy consumption shall be the minimum possible, so the “sleep” function of the end devices must be implemented. 8. It must have a temperature sensor in the end devices. The sensed data will be transmitted to the coordinator periodically to monitor this environmental variable. 9. There should be an intuitive and simple human interface to control the information which is represented on the screen.El objetivo marcado para este proyecto es realizar el diseño e implementar una red de comunicaciones basada en el protocolo ZigBee, que sirva como base para poder desarrollar posteriormente una aplicación que sirva de utilidad y ayude a mejorar algún aspecto de la vida. Las características que se han marcado como requisitos para el sistema de comunicaciones son las siguientes: 1. Será utilizado el protocolo de comunicaciones ZigBee. 2. La red tendrá una topología en estrella, donde el coordinador será el nodo central y todos los dispositivos finales estarán conectados con él directamente. 3. La red estará formada por al menos tres nodos. 4. Los nodos finales deberán asociarse automáticamente con el coordinador una vez encendidos, esto quiere decir que la red deberá gestionarse de forma autónoma, sin necesidad de configurarla manualmente. 5. Uno de los nodos estará equipado con una pantalla de tipo LCD, para poder visualizar parámetros característicos de la red en todo momento y poder verificar el correcto funcionamiento de la misma. Estos parámetros son: tamaño de la red, calidad de los enlaces y paquetes enviados por cada dispositivo. 6. Los nodos no deberán depender del suministro energético de la red eléctrica, por lo que deberán estar alimentados por algún tipo de batería. El consumo energético deberá ser el mínimo posible, por lo que se deberá de utilizar la función de “sleep” (modo de bajo consumo) en los nodos cuando sea posible para disminuir el consumo de los mismos. 8. Se deberá disponer de un sensor de temperatura en los nodos finales. Los datos sensados serán transmitidos al coordinador de forma periódica para poder monitorizar esta variable ambiental. 9. Deberá existir una interfaz de usuario para poder controlar que información se quiere mostrar en cada momento en la pantalla. Ésta deberá ser sencilla e intuitiva.Ingeniería de Sistemas de Comunicacione