Life cell imaging of spongy mesophyll cells of beech (<i>Fagus grandifolia</i>) leaves.

(A-C) Representative live leaf areas dissected for isolation of spongy mesophyll cells of (A) control, (B) symptomatic beech leaf disease leaves with green, and (C) yellow interveinal patterns. (D-F) Spongy mesophyll cell shape of control (D) and symptomatic (E-F) leaf areas with different interveinal color patterns. White squares in the photomicrographs are magnified in D’-F’. Note the larger cell size for symptomatic leaves represented in red. (G) Average number of chloroplasts quantified in spongy mesophyll cells dissected from control (n = 25 cells) and BLD symptomatic (n = 25 cells) leaves. Due to high cell disruption and nematode activity, the chloroplasts of the mesophyll cell dissected from yellow interveinal areas were not quantified (F). Thick lines in the boxplot represent medians. Different letters denote statistical differences between the number of chloroplasts quantified for spongy mesophyll cells of control and green banding interveinal leaf areas (P (H-J) Representative individual spongy mesophyll cells of control (H), and green (I) and yellow (J) interveinal banding pattern of symptomatic leaves. Scale bars: 10 μm.