Sex life of men after prostatectomy

Uvod: Rak prostate je drugo najpogostejše maligno obolenje moških po vsem svetu. Rak prostate lahko zdravimo radikalno, kamor uvrščamo kirurško prostatektomijo in obsevanje. Prostatektomija je povezana z zapleti, kot je spolna disfunkcija. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je preučiti in predstaviti, kakšno je spolno življenje po prostatektomiji in kakšna je vloga medicinskih sester pri podpori pacientu s spolno disfunkcijo Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom literature v domačih in mednarodnih podatkovnih bazah, katere predmet raziskovanja je povezan s prostatektomijo in spolnim življenjem po operativnem posegu prostatektomije. Pregledali in analizirali smo znanstveno in strokovno literaturo v naslednjih bazah: CINAHL, PubMed, ScienceDirect in mrežnika Google Učenjak. Rezultati: Ugotovili smo, da imajo pacienti po prostatektomiji fizične, psihološke in spolne posledice, kar vpliva na pacientovo socialno okolje. Raziskave kažejo na drastične spremembe spolnega življenja in s tem povezano anksioznost in depresijo. Pri dejavnikih in intervencijah smo ugotovili, da najpomembnejši naslednji: predoperativna zdravstvena vzgoja, informiranje in učenje pacienta o spolnih težavah med zdravljenjem in po njem ter obravnavanje spolne disfunkcije, ki izboljšujejo zdravljenje in spodbujanje intimnosti med pacientom in njegovim partnerjem. Medicinske sestre nudijo pacientu ustrezne informacije, vključujejo pacientovo družino ter podpirajo odločitve pacienta. Razprava in zaključek: Spolnost je še vedno tabu tema med pacienti in medicinskimi sestrami. Pacienti in njihovi partnerji poročajo, da v procesu zdravljenja raka prostate niso dovolj opolnomočeni z informacijami, kako skrbeti za spolno zdravje, kar predstavlja pomembno oviro pri naslavljanju težav s spolnostjo moških po prostatektomiji. Medicinske sestre in zdravstveniki lahko z intervencijami učenja in zdravstvene vzgoje aktivno sodelujejo pri procesu zdravljenja in rehabilitacije moških z rakom prostate ter tako izboljšajo pacientovo izkušnjo življenja z boleznijo ter njenimi posledicami.Introduction: Prostate cancer is the second most common malignant disease in men worldwide. Prostate cancer treatment can be radical, which includes surgical prostatectomy and radiation. Prostatectomy is associated with complications such as sexual dysfunction. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to study and present sexual life after prostatectomy and to explain the role of nurses in supporting a patient with sexual dysfunction. Methods: We used the descriptive method with a literature review in domestic and international databases, of which the research subject is related to prostatectomy and sexual life after prostatectomy. We reviewed and analyzed the scientific and technical literature in the following databases: CINAHL, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Results: We found that patients have physical, psychological, and sexual consequences after prostatectomy, which affects their social environment. Research indicates drastic changes in sex life that cause anxiety and depression. Regarding factors and interventions, we found that the most important are preoperative health education, informing and teaching the patient about sexual problems during and after treatment, and addressing sexual dysfunction, which improves treatment and encourages intimacy between the patient and their partner. Nurses provide the necessary information, include the patient’s family, and support the patient’s decisions. Discussion and conclusion: Sexuality remains a taboo topic between patients and nurses. Patients and their partners report that during the prostate cancer treatment process, they are not sufficiently informed on how to take care of their sexual health, which represents a significant barrier in addressing the sexual problems in men after prostatectomy. Nurses can actively participate in the process of treatment and rehabilitation of men with prostate cancer through learning and health education interventions and thus improve the patient\u27s experience of life with the disease and its consequences