Analysis of phase-changing materials for heating and cooling in buildings and numerical simulation of melting and solidification in macrocapsules

V delu je opisana sestava, delitev in uporaba fazno spremenljivih snovi, ter opravljena numerična simulacija taljenja in strjevanja znotraj makrokapsule. Ko govorimo o rabi obnovljivih virih energije, se moramo zavedati, da le-ti niso stalno na voljo in je tako uporaba PCM materialov lahko ena od rešitev za dnevne potrebe po ogrevanju in hlajenju. Delujejo na principu spremembe agregatnega stanja, pri čemer se sprosti oz. porabi ogromno količine toplote v ozkem temperaturnem območju. Tehnologija je že implementirana v medicini, transportu živil, gradbeništvu, avtomobilih, tekstilni industriji in drugod. V delo je vključena tudi numerična analiza, ki je bila izvedena v okolju ANSYS Fluent. Simulacije napovedujejo potek taljenja in strjevanja PCM snovi v okrogli makrokapsuli, ki je uporabljena kot osnovni gradnik večjega sistema, v našem primeru banke ledu. Rezultate toplotnih tokov in temperature smo nato med seboj primerjali, skupaj z eksperimentalnimi rezultati in analitičnim izračunom.The work describes the composition, division and use of phase-changing substances, and numerical simulation of melting and solidification inside the macrocapsule is performed. When we talk about the use of renewable energy sources, we must be aware that they are not permanently available, and thus the use of PCM materials can be one of the solutions for daily heating and cooling needs. They work on the principle of changing the aggregate state, whereby it is released or absorbed a huge amount of heat in a narrow temperature range. The technology is already implemented in medicine, food transport, construction, automobiles, the textile industry and elsewhere. The work also includes numerical analysis, which was carried out in the ANSYS Fluent environment. The simulations predict the course of melting and solidification of the PCM substance in a round macrocapsule, which is used as the basic building block of a larger system, in our case an ice bank. The results of heat fluxes and temperature were then compared with each other, along with experimental results and analytical calculations