Nursing interventions on Type 1 diabetic pregnant mothers

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a global health issue and affects approximately 0.1-0.2% of pregnancies. Other types of commonly known diabetes are type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus. T1D, the insulin-dependent disease affects the pancreas not being able to produce insulin. Hence why, the disease has significant health implications on the mother and the infant. Hyperglycemia, a serious health complication during pregnancy conveys significant maternal and fetal risks as well as other chronic impediments. Common complications that are applicable during pregnancy are fetal anomalies, pre-eclampsia, macrosomia, stillbirth, among others. Nursing engagements with other healthcare professionals such as effective counselling, glycemic control, preconception planning, and patient education are factors that can decrease possible adverse effects in pregnancy due to type 1 diabetes. This descriptive literature review discusses the importance and various nursing interventions in the management of type 1 diabetes during prenatal care of patients. The study used PICOS criteria as the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the articles where 7 articles were chosen. The database search is based on CINAHL and PubMed. The results indicated that having a multi-professional approach and effective nursing interventions in the management of type 1 diabetic mothers during pregnancy leads to positive pregnancy outcome and minimize further complications. For instant, nursing interventions combines of patient education, lifestyle changes such as dietary plan and weight management and counselling