Determining corporate social responsibility disclosure with firm size as variable moderation

This study aims to determine the effect of managerial ownership, profitability, leverage, and tax aggressiveness moderated by firm size on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure. The population in this study comprises energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), which have a capitalization value of more than 5,000,000,000. Determining the minimum number of samples using Slovin theory shows that 33 minimum samples must be met. The method of determining using purposive sampling with the criteria of energy companies listed on the IDX and issuing annual and sustainability reports in 2019-2021. The results showed that managerial ownership has a significant effect on CSR disclosure. Profitability has no significant effect on CSR disclosure. Leverage has a significant effect on CSR disclosure. Tax aggressiveness has a significant effect on CSR disclosure. Managerial ownership, profitability, leverage, and tax aggressiveness have significant simultaneous effects moderated by firm size on CSR disclosure. Future studies are anticipated to use a bigger sample size because this research is still only applicable to one industry, allowing the findings to reflect a wider range of businesses. Additionally, institutional ownership or shares as illustrations of effective corporate management can be introduced as additional variable factors, which may affect the company's CSR disclosure