This article explores the interaction of EU and national labour laws with respect to enforcement of labour regulations. Effective enforcement of EU labour law poses challenges for judicial, administrative and negotiated procedures of enforcement of national labour laws. For example, remedies for violation of EU labour law may require more from national courts and administrations. The social partners in the EU Member States may contribute to more effective enforcement of EU labour law. The Lisbon Strategy and the Treaty of Nice have produced hybrid methods of enforcement of EU labour law, combining industrial relations, administrative and judicial mechanisms. These new developments may have lessons for the enforcement of national labour laws