An overview of outdoor and indoor naviagtion in regard to the use of existing standards

Outdoor navigation on mobile devices is widely used and implemented. Such navigation systems provide useful tools for travel optimization like finding the shortest routes for different means of transportation (e.g. trains or cars). However, Indoor navigation is not as widely adapted yet. There are two key problems as reasons for this condition. The first one is localization because of limited access to technologies like GNSS. The second one is the lack of usable digital models of buildings to calculate desirable paths. These digital models are often not yet existent, not available to the public, or in different standards that need to be converted first. To allow moving seamlessly between indoors and outdoors it is also desirable to enable navigation for both indoor and outdoor on the same device - preferably even within the same application. This paper gives an overview of the current data standards for digital building representation as well as suitable localization technologies for mobile devices. This is done by evaluating existing literature on this topic. It is discussed how those standards could be used for indoor navigation with an outlook of what is needed to make Indoor Navigation as common as Outdoor Navigation in the future