PATTERN OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE AT BAHAWAL VICTORIA HOSPITAL, BAHAWALPUR

Objective: To find out the prevalence of various congenital heart defects in children from birth to 12 years of age. Study design: This descriptive study was conducted at the Pediatric Unit-II and Cardiology department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur for one-year duration from April 2019 to April 2020. Patients and Method: Eighty children up to 12 years of age with clinical suspicion of a congenital heart defect were assessed on the type of lesion, sex and age at the time of reporting. They underwent chest X-ray, EKG, and detailed echocardiography that confirmed the final diagnosis, and the results were analyzed in the SPSS version 10 window. Results: Of eighty cases, fifty were male (62.5%), thirty were female (37.5%), and fifty-eight (72.5%) children had cyanosis. Among Acyanotic lesion VSD was present in 42 patients (52.5%), ASD were 7 (8.75%) 6 have secondum types. PDA was present in 6 (7.50%) patients. A total of 7 (8.75%) patients had the TOF and 3 (3.75%) had TGA in association with VSD in one and ASD in 2 patients. Severe pulmonary stenosis was seen in 3 (3.75%) patients 2 were in association with ASD. Single ventricle and dextrocardia were seen in 3 (3.75%) patients each. Complex cardiac lesion was seen in 2 (2.5%) patients. Conclusion: Majority of Congenital heart disease in children at Tertiary care Hospital are acynotic, VSD is the commonest acynotic lesion while TOF is the commonest cyanotic lesion.Early detection of these defect is important for proper management and the gold standard for diagnosis of these defect is 2D echocardiography with Doppler examination. Keyword: congenital heart disease (CHD), VSD, TOF, echocardiography