Antiangiogenic activity of Coccinia grandis ethanolic leaf extract using the chorioallantoic membrane assay in anas platyrhynchos embryos

Vascular growth is vital for every aspect of tumor growth. Coccinia grandis is one of the medicinal plants in many countries because of its diverse ethnomedicinal uses. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of C. grandis ethanolic leaf extract using the Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay (CAM) in Anas platyrhynchos. Thirty pieces of six-day-old duck eggs were used in the study with triplicates in each treatment namely: positive control (vitamin A), negative control (ethanol), and C. grandis ethanolic extracts in 1µg/mL, 3µg/mL, and 5µg/mL. These were then applied to six-day old duck embryos and were incubated at 37°C with 65.5% humidity. The eggs were then harvested on the tenth day of incubation. The antiangiogenic effect of C. grandis ethanolic leaf extract was evaluated by taking the average number of branch points using the chorioallantoic membrane. Results revealed that in negative control angiogenesis was induced while in the different treatments of the ethanolic leaf extracts, inhibition reduced significantly. Statistical analysis supports that there was a significant difference in the antiangiogenic effect of C. grandis ethanolic leaf extract using the CAM assay on the vascularization of duck embryos. It showed that the higher the dosage, the lesser the branch points and the smaller the ducks. Further, C. grandis ethanolic leaf extract contains alkaloids and tannins which are responsible for the anti-angiogenic property and antiproliferative effects of the extract. Thus, it indicated that C. grandis ethanolic leaf extract may have a potential and promising source of chemotherapeutic agent against tumors. Published by the International Journal of Biomolecules and Biomedicine (IJBB