Menace of mastitis, risk factors and selective therapeutic strategies

Mastitis is an infectious disease of udder and teat caused mainly by bacteria in milk yielding animals. It is an acute disease but sometimes it may extend to chronic condition, Clinically the disease characterized by swollen udder, teat and occasional septicemic condition with physical and chemical changes of milk. Several bacterial species both Gram negative and positive cause the condition. The common bacterial infections are Staphylococcus sp, Streptococcus, sp, E.coli, Mycoplasma sp., Klebsiella sp, Corynaebacterium sp and others. For effective treatment of mastitis both chronic and acute cases need selection sensitive antibacterial drugs primarily 4th generation onwards of penicillins and supporting treatment anti-inflammatory drugs, steroids, isotonic glucose (5%), hypertonic saline (7.5%) with immediate adequate drinking water. Modern drugs of nano molecules and sound therapy against mastitis are on advance trials. Mineral and vitamin mixture supplements can enhance recovery of the condition. It is better not to occur the disease than treatment, therefore, need cleanliness of animals and fomites along with regular checking of the milk composition for early detection of mastitis