Biodiversity of Zingiber officinalis

Zingiber officinale is a very important plant is a type of old-world crop which had a Mediterranean center of origin. It has originated in Tropical South-East Asia. India and China were the first countries to grow it. It was later carried to Asia Minor. It was introduced in Europe early in the Middle Ages. It is now widely grown in the tropics. The main countries which growing ginger are China, India,Australia, Japan, Jamaica, Indonesia,Sierra Leone, Malaysia, and other island of West Indies. It also has several ethno medical uses like decoction of dried rhizome is used to make relief from the menstrual pain and nutritional values and world widely used as spice as a flavoring agent. Phytochemical extract of root leaves and rhizome of zingiberofficinale reveals the presence of biologically active compound like flavonoids, phenolic acid, volatile and essential oil as a major component. Then we discuss about the conservation strategy of the zingiber officinalis due to overexploitation. It also has various economical uses also like pickled in salts, it is largely used in Indian homes