Integration of the negative existential into the standard negation system: The case of Nanaic languages

The paper deals with the use of negative existentials in the system of standard negation in different Nanaic varieties (a subgroup of Tungusic languages). Three different types of integration of negative existentials into standard negation constructions are discussed: 1) "converb + negative existential"; 2) "present/past indicative finite verb + negative existential"; 3) a series of constructions in which the negative existential functions as a pleonastic negative marker. While the first construction is attested in almost all Nanaic varieties, the others are less widespread. For each construction under discussion we propose a possible grammaticalization path. All the constructions refer to stage B>C in Croft's cycle. We argue that in some aspects the first construction goes beyond Croft's cycle