Subspecies and Distribution. C. lupus Linnaeus, 1758 - Asia, Europe. C. l. albus Kerr, 1792 — N Russia. C. l. arctos Pocock, 1935 — Canadian High Arctic. C. l. baileyi Nelson & Goldman, 1929 — Mexico, SW USA (extinct in the wild). C. l. communis Dwigubski, 1804 — C Russia. C. l. cubanensis Ognev, 1923 — E-C Asia. C. l. dingo Meyer, 1793 — SE Asia and Australasia. C. l. lycaon Schreber, 1775 — SE Canada, NE USA. C. l. nubilus Say, 1823 — E-C Canada and C USA. C. l. occidentalis Richardson, 1829 — Alaska, NW Canada. C. l. pallipes Sykes, 1831 — Middle East and SW Asia to India. in Canidae

Subspecies and Distribution. C. lupus Linnaeus, 1758 - Asia, Europe. C. l. albus Kerr, 1792 — N Russia. C. l. arctos Pocock, 1935 — Canadian High Arctic. C. l. baileyi Nelson & Goldman, 1929 — Mexico, SW USA (extinct in the wild). C. l. communis Dwigubski, 1804 — C Russia. C. l. cubanensis Ognev, 1923 — E-C Asia. C. l. dingo Meyer, 1793 — SE Asia and Australasia. C. l. lycaon Schreber, 1775 — SE Canada, NE USA. C. l. nubilus Say, 1823 — E-C Canada and C USA. C. l. occidentalis Richardson, 1829 — Alaska, NW Canada. C. l. pallipes Sykes, 1831 — Middle East and SW Asia to India.Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2009, Canidae, pp. 352-446 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 1 Carnivores, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 413, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.633115