Cardiometabolic consequences of PCOS

PODGÓRSKA, Klaudia, PUŁA, Aleksandra, KRZYSIEK, Urszula, ARTYKIEWICZ, Klaudia, GORCZYCA, Kamila, KOZIEŁ, Paweł, GRODKIEWICZ, Maria, SŁUPCZYŃSKA, Aleksandra, URBAŚ, Weronika & CZARKOWSKI, Marcin. Cardiometabolic consequences of PCOS. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;13(1):130-135. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.13.01.021 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/40841 https://zenodo.org/record/7368113 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 13.11.2022. Revised: 20.11.2022. Accepted: 27.11.2022. CARDIOMETABOLIC CONSEQUENCES OF PCOS Klaudia Podgórska 1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5109-900X, kpodgorska06@gmail.com Aleksandra Puła 4, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9001-5051, aleksandrapula@gmail.com Urszula Krzysiek 5, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4712-2334, urszula.krzysiek@onet.eu Klaudia Artykiewicz 1, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-4691, klaudiaartykiewicz@gmail.com Kamila Gorczyca 1, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7976-0509, kamila.gorczyca@o2.pl Paweł Kozieł 2, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6069-6028, pawelkoziel61@gmail.com Maria Grodkiewicz 2, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6243-9102, marysiagrodkiewicz@gmail.com Aleksandra Słupczyńska 3, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3615-002X, olaslup@gmail.com Weronika Urbaś 2, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-2172, weronikaurbass@gmail.com Marcin Czarkowski 2, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5663-2574, marcin.czarkowski98@gmail.com Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny nr 4 w Lublinie Medical University of Lublin Samodzielny Publiczny Szpital Kliniczny nr 1 w Lublinie Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego SPZOZ w Lublinie Szpital Solec Spółka z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością w Warszawie ABSTRACT Introduction and purpose Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous disorder in terms of clinical symptoms and laboratory findings. It is one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of childbearing age. The development of symptoms and the degree of severity in the course of the disease are the results of changes in the ovaries which may be caused by many genetic, metabolic, neuroendocrine, and environmental factors. The main clinical manifestations are menstrual disorders, difficulties with becoming pregnant, and changes related to hyperandrogenism, e.g., acne, hirsutism. Recognition is above mainly based on Rotterdam criteria. State of the knowledge A comprehensive explanation of pathophysiology is still lacking. Nevertheless, it probably is a multifactorial condition with a genetic component. Women suffering from PCOS experience lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders, which lead to insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and cardiac complications. Insulin resistance affects 65-70% of women and not only plays a significant role in the development of the disease but also contributes to the development of hypertension and dyslipidemia. Potential mechanisms of hypertension in PCOS include endothelial dysfunction, increased aldosterone, and excess testosterone secretion, whereas lipid abnormalities consist of reduced high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), increased triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). All of these factors cause high cardiovascular risk. Currently, therapy considers both lifestyle improvements and medications and must be tailored on a case-by-case basis. Conclusion It is very important not to consider PCOS only in the context of gynecological and endocrine diseases, but also metabolic changes and cardiovascular diseases. Treatment of PCOS should be individualized and dependent on the predominant disorders, as well as the short- and long-term goals chosen. It also should take the prevention of cardiovascular diseases into account. Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome; insulin resistance; cardiovascular risk; dyslipidemia; hypertension