Circadian rhythm and heart disease - what is the link? A review

Brzezińska, Agnieszka, Skorupa, Aleksandra, Nowińska, Aleksandra, Nowaczek, Justyna. Circadian rhythm and heart disease - what is the link? A review. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2022;12(12):49-54. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.12.007 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/40175 https://zenodo.org/record/7313569 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 23.09.2022. Revised: 29.10.2022. Accepted: 10.11.2022. Circadian rhythm and heart disease - what is the link? A review Agnieszka Brzezińska Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Aleje Racławickie 1, 20-089 Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5730-8813 Aleksandra Skorupa Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Aleje Racławickie 1, 20-089 Lublin Aleksandra Nowińska Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Aleje Racławickie 1, 20-089 Lublin Justyna Nowaczek Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie, Aleje Racławickie 1, 20-89 Lublin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7622-2345 Abstract Introduction and purpose: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still the leading cause of death worldwide and causes 49% of mortality in Europe. This makes CVD is the most important reason for premature mortality and Disability Adjusted Life Years (“DALYS”) in that continent. It is associated with variables such as blood pressure, heart rate, circulating catecholamines, markers of blood coagulation and vascular endothelial function which are dependent on different times of the day. The epidemiological data indicate that the biggest number of CVD incidents occur during the early morning hours. In this work we try to discuss the circadian rhythm and its impact on variables which, according to data, are most crucial on CV incident rate. Brief description of the state of knowledge: The cardiovascular disease and mortality risk is associated with variables such as morning blood pressure, fluctuations in metabolism rate or even in immunological response. These variables are dependent on the circadian rhythm. This article covers the most crucial components affected by the daily fluctuations considering the heart according to the literature from the last five years. Conclusions: This review highlighted the link between circadian rhythm and cardiovascular disease with the purpose of focusing on the most important clinically aspects of that machinery from blood pressure to inflammation. Despite all of these exciting findings which could possibly have future implications in the field of cardiology, there is still a significant need to explore this complicated relationship between the biological clock and the heart. Keywords: Circadian rhythm, Blood pressure, Chronotherapy, Cardiovascular diseas