Association of Serum Magnesium Level with Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Magnesium is an intracellular cation and coenzyme for various reactions of the glycolytic pathway. Hypomagnesemia has been shown to precipitate hyperglycemia and has, therefore, been implicated in insulin resistance and its microvascular complications. Poor glycemic control has been associated with retinopathy. Hence, we assessed association of serum magnesium with T2DM and diabetic retinopathy among 100 patients with type 2 Diabetic Mellitus (with complications) with their ophthalmological complications (retinopathy) admitted in People's College of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Bhopal. Estimation of serum magnesium was done by spectrophotometric method using xylidyl blue. Comparison of serum magnesium level in patients with and without retinopathy in uncontrolled Diabetic patients. Serum magnesium level was 2.03±0.33 among no retinopathy cases. Serum magnesium level was 1.86 ± 0.26 in NDPR (Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy). Serum magnesium level was. Serum magnesium level was 1.64 ± 0.25 in PDR (Proliferative diabetic retinopathy). So it is highly suggestive of hypomagnesia to occur at an increased risk diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Magnesium deficiency was associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy and poor glycemic control. Dietary supplementation may be advised to prevent such complications and improve glycemic control