PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR DEPRESSION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS IN DISTRICT LAHORE''

Introduction: Depression is a mood disorder characterized by inadequacies, decreased activity and pessimism. Anhedonia and grief, when these symptoms seriously injure and negatively impact a person's life, sometimes so Degree of suicide or attempting to seek a broader understanding of the causes of depression, the development of additional effective treatments is of great importance. Clinical and preclinical studies suggest that stress is the key Mediator in the pathophysiology of depression. Methodology: Setting: This study is conducted at Diabetic clinic of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Sample size: the total sample size estimated using 95% diabetic patients 250, 5% margin of error with an expected percentage of depression14.7%. Sample Selection: Consecutive non-probability sampling. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study Data Collection: 250 patients visiting Diabetic clinic for their diabetic follow up will be included per criteria in study after taking informed consent. Results: Total 250 patients attending diabetic clinic at Jinnah Hospital Lahore Patients with age ranging 18 years to 60 years with mean of 42.82 and standard deviation of 11.65. Among these 114 (54.4%) were female and 136 (45.6%) were male. Mean HbA1C was 8.46 with standard deviation of 1.54. Depression was diagnosed in 54% of the diabetics. Among the 250 patients mild clinical depression was seen in 20.4%, moderate depression was seen in 22%, severe depression was seen in 5.2% and extreme depression was seen in 6.4% patients. 54% of the married people were depressed. Among the singles this prevalence was 45% where was divorcees had this prevalence of 68%. (P-value = 0.01)