FIGURES 11‒12. Recognising species from an estimate of phylogeny for 30 unique COI haplotypes of the subgenus Mendacibombus by BEAST, using GMYC models and the PTP procedure. From the GMYC models (11), the single threshold T is shown by the vertical grey bar so that the intersecting lineages are interpreted as indicating 12 separate species (black spots at coalescent nodes; outgroups not shown). Values below the nodes of the maximum clade-credibility tree are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support (groups with values <0.8 are considered unreliable) from the BEAST analysis with two billion MCMC generations and a 1% burn-in. The x-scale axis is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. From the PTP procedure (12), the ...
FIGURES 11‒13. 11: gene trees for COI; 12: gene trees for 16S; and 13: species trees from *BEAST ana...
FIGURES 36‒55. Morphology of parts of the male genitalia from the dorsal aspect of the left side, an...
FIGURE 74. Map of richness in indigenous species of all bumblebees excluding the subgenus Mendacibom...
FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the sub...
Fig. 1. MRBAYES estimate of phylogeny as a metric tree (outgroup B. alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) not sho...
FIGURE 8. Plot of (y axis) terminal branch lengths from a tree for 43 unique COI haplotypes obtained...
FIGURES 56‒67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the ma...
FIGURES 15‒23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles):...
Fig. 22. Most likely dated phylogenetic (ultrametric) tree for the species of the subgenus Melanobom...
FIGURE 14. Assessing morphological characters by assessing groups of species within the subgenus Men...
FIGURE 9. Estimate of the metric gene tree for the 54 longest unique COI-barcode alleles of the subg...
FIGURE 14. Assigning names to candidate species in a COI gene tree for the 235 specimens of the subg...
FIGURE 7. Frequency of specimen collection by decade among specimens examined for species of the sub...
Fig. 10. October 2019 (Fig. 8) Bayesian PTP analysis of MrBayes tree of unique COI barcodes (UHF- PT...
FIGURES 24‒35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the d...
FIGURES 11‒13. 11: gene trees for COI; 12: gene trees for 16S; and 13: species trees from *BEAST ana...
FIGURES 36‒55. Morphology of parts of the male genitalia from the dorsal aspect of the left side, an...
FIGURE 74. Map of richness in indigenous species of all bumblebees excluding the subgenus Mendacibom...
FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the sub...
Fig. 1. MRBAYES estimate of phylogeny as a metric tree (outgroup B. alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758) not sho...
FIGURE 8. Plot of (y axis) terminal branch lengths from a tree for 43 unique COI haplotypes obtained...
FIGURES 56‒67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the ma...
FIGURES 15‒23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles):...
Fig. 22. Most likely dated phylogenetic (ultrametric) tree for the species of the subgenus Melanobom...
FIGURE 14. Assessing morphological characters by assessing groups of species within the subgenus Men...
FIGURE 9. Estimate of the metric gene tree for the 54 longest unique COI-barcode alleles of the subg...
FIGURE 14. Assigning names to candidate species in a COI gene tree for the 235 specimens of the subg...
FIGURE 7. Frequency of specimen collection by decade among specimens examined for species of the sub...
Fig. 10. October 2019 (Fig. 8) Bayesian PTP analysis of MrBayes tree of unique COI barcodes (UHF- PT...
FIGURES 24‒35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the d...
FIGURES 11‒13. 11: gene trees for COI; 12: gene trees for 16S; and 13: species trees from *BEAST ana...
FIGURES 36‒55. Morphology of parts of the male genitalia from the dorsal aspect of the left side, an...
FIGURE 74. Map of richness in indigenous species of all bumblebees excluding the subgenus Mendacibom...