Global Bee Interaction Data

Last modified: November 7, 2022 Introduction This dataset comprises all bee interactions indexed by [Global Biotic Interactions](https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org) (GloBI; Poelen et al. 2014). It is published quarterly by the [Big Bee Project](http://big-bee.net) (Seltmann et al. 2021) to summarize all available knowledge about bee interactions from natural history collections, community science observations (i.e., iNaturalist), and the literature. Interactions include flower visitation, parasitic interactions (mite, viral), lecty, and many others. Data Description Please see the [integration process page](https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org/process) to better understand how Global Biotic Interactions combines datasets from various sources. The complete interaction dataset for all species can be accessed via https://www.globalbioticinteractions.org/data and the GloBI Community Zenodo publication (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3950589). Data is filtered for unique records based on the interaction description and source citation. Archives contain full data records and unique filtered records in tab-delimited format. Dataset column name definitions https://api.globalbioticinteractions.org/interactionFields or https://api.globalbioticinteractions.org/interactionFields Metrics Date Total bee records 07-17-2020 232,906 01-24-2021 257,738 11-17-2021 226,160 06-01-2022 286,818 11-07-2022 429,308 Date Andrenidae Apidae Colletidae Halictidae 07-17-2020 73,463 106,222 20,821 58,880 01-24-2021 77,824 120,919 21,376 63,945 11-17-2021 25,535 134,517 10,568 43,070 06-01-2022 78,016 144,827 20,409 64,054 11-07-2022 84,172 171,378 30,792 79,155 Date Megachilidae Melittidae Stenotritidae 07-17-2020 44,449 2,511 23 01-24-2021 48,856 2,624 18 11-17-2021 37,001 995 9 06-01-2022 54,516 2,994 18 11-07-2022 61,391 2,396 24 Included Resources count source citation 20844 A. Thessen. 2014. Species associations extracted from EOL text data objects via text mining. 23 Agosti, Donat. 2020. Transcription of Linné, C. von, 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542 . 3 Aja Sherman, Cullen Geiselman. 2021. Bat Co-Roosting Database 134 Allen Hurlbert. 2017. Avian Diet Database. 3741 Arizona State University Hasbrouck Insect Collection 3 Ballantyne, Gavin; Baldock, Katherine C. R.; Willmer, Pat G. (2015), Data from: Constructing more informative plant-pollinator networks: visitation and pollen deposition networks in a heathland plant community, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.17pp3 17 Barnes, C. et al., 2008. Predator and prey body sizes in marine food webs. Ecology, 89(3), pp.881–881. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1551.1 . Data provided by Carolyn Barnes. Also available at http://www.esapubs.org/Archive/ecol/E089/051/ . 136 Bartomeus, Ignasi (2013): Plant-Pollinator Network Data. figshare. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.154863.v1 2 Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Research in Entomology 83 Brose, U. (2018). GlobAL daTabasE of traits and food Web Architecture (GATEWAy) version 1.0 [Data set]. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig. https://doi.org/10.25829/IDIV.283-3-756 28 Brose, U. et al., 2005. Body sizes of consumers and their resources. Ecology, 86(9), pp.2545–2545. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/05-0379. 111 California Academy of Sciences Entomology 20605 Carril OM, Griswold T, Haefner J, Wilson JS. (2018) Wild bees of Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: richness, abundance, and spatio-temporal beta-diversity. PeerJ 6:e5867 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5867 675 Classen, Alice; Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf (2020): Plant-pollinator interactions along an elevational gradient on Mt. Kilimanjaro. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.911390 964 Cohen JM, Sauer EL, Santiago O, Spencer S, Rohr JR. 2020. Divergent impacts of warming weather on wildlife disease risk across climates. Science. doi:10.1126/science.abb1702 79 Cristina Preda and Quentin Groom. 2014. Species associations manually extracted from literature. 45 David W. Thieltges, Karsten Reise, Kim N. Mouritsen, John P. McLaughlin, and Robert Poulin. 2011. Food web including metazoan parasites for a tidal basin in Germany and Denmark. Ecology 92:2005. https://doi.org/10.1890/11-0351.1 866 Del Risco, A.A., Montoya, Á.M., García, V. et al. Data synthesis and dynamic visualization converge into a comprehensive biotic interaction network: a case study of the urban and rural areas of Bogotá D.C.. Urban Ecosyst (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-021-01133-3 3651 Eardley C, Coetzer W. 2016. Catalogue of Afrotropical Bees. 472 Ed Baker; Ian J. Kitching; George W. Beccaloni; Amoret Whitaker et al. (2016). Dataset: NHM Interactions Bank. Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk). https://doi.org/10.5519/0060767 12 Ferrer-Paris, José R.; Sánchez-Mercado, Ada Y.; Lozano, Cecilia; Zambrano, Liset; Soto, José; Baettig, Jessica; Leal, María (2014): A compilation of larval host-plant records for six families of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) from available electronic resources. figshare. http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1168861 5 Field Museum of Natural History IPT 326 Food Webs and Species Interactions in the Biodiversity of UK and Ireland (Online). 2017. Data provided by Malcolm Storey. Also available from http://bioinfo.org.uk. 207 Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2018. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (10/2018). 3944 Frost Entomological Museum, Pennsylvania State University 7 Gandhi, K. J. K., & Herms, D. A. (2009). North American arthropods at risk due to widespread Fraxinus mortality caused by the Alien Emerald ash borer. Biological Invasions, 12(6), 1839–1846. doi:10.1007/s10530-009-9594-1. 2 Geiselman, Cullen K. & Sarah Younger. 2020. Bat Eco-Interactions Database. www.batbase.org 2 Geiselman, Cullen K. and Tuli I. Defex. 2015. Bat Eco-Interactions Database. www.batplant.org 2165 Giselle Muschett & Francisco E. Fontúrbel. 2021. A comprehensive catalogue of plant – pollinator interactions for Chile 292 Global Web Database (http://globalwebdb.com): an online collection of food webs. Accessed via https://www.globalwebdb.com/Service/DownloadArchive on 2017-10-12. 89 Groom, Q.J., Maarten De Groot, M. & Marčiulynienė, D. (2020) Species interation data manually extracted from literature for species . 1 Grundler MC (2020) SquamataBase: a natural history database and R package for comparative biology of snake feeding habits. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e49943. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e49943 1 Gunther KA et al. 2014 Dietary breadth of grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Ursus 25(1):60-72 214 Harvard University M, Morris P J (2021). Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. 575 Illinois Natural History Survey Insect Collection 23 Jakovos Demetriou and Quentin Groom 2014. Species associations of Sceliphron manually extracted from literature. 2 Jorrit H. Poelen. 2017. Species interactions associated with known species interaction datasets. 2921 LaManna, JA, Burkle, LA, Belote, RT, Myers, JA. Biotic and abiotic drivers of plant–pollinator community assembly across wildfire gradients. J Ecol. 2020; 00: 1– 14. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13530 . 29 Mihara, T., Nishimura, Y., Shimizu, Y., Nishiyama, H., Yoshikawa, G., Uehara, H., Hingamp, P., Goto, S., and Ogata, H.; Linking virus genomes with host taxonomy. Viruses 8, 66 doi:10.3390/v8030066 (2016). 2 Museum for Southwestern Biology (MSB) Parasite Collection 116 Mycology Collections Data Portal (MyCoPortal). 2020. https://mycoportal.org 4535 National Database Plant Pollinators. Center for Plant Conservation at San Diego Zoo Global. Accessed via https://saveplants.org/national-collection/pollinator-search/ on 2020-06-05. 32 National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution IPT RSS Feed 659 Natural History Collections managed by Arctos (https://arctosdb.org) accessed via https://vertnet.org . 45 Olito, Colin; Fox, Jeremy W. (2015), Data from: Species traits and abundances predict metrics of plant–pollinator network structure, but not pairwise interactions, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7st32 3001 Ollerton, J., Trunschke, J. ., Havens, K. ., Landaverde-González, P. ., Keller, A. ., Gilpin, A.-M. ., Rodrigo Rech, A. ., Baronio, G. J. ., Phillips, B. J., Mackin, C. ., Stanley, D. A., Treanore, E. ., Baker, E. ., Rotheray, E. L., Erickson, E. ., Fornoff, F. ., Brearley, F. Q. ., Ballantyne, G. ., Iossa, G. ., Stone, G. N., Bartomeus, I. ., Stockan, J. A., Leguizamón, J., Prendergast, K. ., Rowley, L., Giovanetti, M., de Oliveira Bueno, R., Wesselingh, R. A., Mallinger, R., Edmondson, S., Howard, S. R., Leonhardt, S. D., Rojas-Nossa, S. V., Brett, M., Joaqui, T., Antoniazzi, R., Burton, V. J., Feng, H.-H., Tian, Z.-X., Xu, Q., Zhang, C., Shi, C.-L., Huang, S.-Q., Cole, L. J., Bendifallah, L., Ellis, E. E., Hegland, S. J., Straffon Díaz, S., Lander, T. A. ., Mayr, A. V., Dawson, R. ., Eeraerts, M. ., Armbruster, W. S. ., Walton, B. ., Adjlane, N. ., Falk, S. ., Mata, L. ., Goncalves Geiger, A. ., Carvell, C. ., Wallace, C. ., Ratto, F. ., Barberis, M. ., Kahane, F. ., Connop, S. ., Stip, A. ., Sigrist, M. R. ., Vereecken, N. J. ., Klein, A.-M., Baldock, K. ., & Arnold, S. E. J. . (2022). Pollinator-flower interactions in gardens during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown of 2020. Journal of Pollination Ecology, 31, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.26786/1920-7603(2022)695 1 Paleo Digitization Working Group. Biological associations extracted from fossil specimens. 4 Palomares, M.L.D. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2018. SeaLifeBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.sealifebase.org, version (10/2018). 12904 Pensoft Darwin Core Archives available via Integrated Publication Toolkit 5112 Pensoft Darwin Core Archives with associateTaxa columns 42 Pinnegar, J.K. (2014). DAPSTOM - An Integrated Database & Portal for Fish Stomach Records. Version 4.7. Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, UK. February 2014, 39pp. 37 Pocock, Michael J. O.; Evans, Darren M.; Memmott, Jane (2012), Data from: The robustness and restoration of a network of ecological networks, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3s36r118 1 Portalier, Sebastien; Fussmann, Gregor; Loreau, Michel; Cherif, Mehdi (2018), Data from: The mechanics of predator-prey interactions: first principles of physics predict predator-prey size ratios, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8c40mb0 5866 Purdue Entomological Research Collection 26 Quentin J. Groom. 2020. Species interactions of species on the List of invasive alien species of Union concern 6115 Redhead, J.W.; Coombes, C.F.; Dean, H.J.; Dyer, R.; Oliver, T.H.; Pocock, M.J.O.; Rorke, S.L.; Vanbergen, A.J.; Woodcock, B.A.; Pywell, R.F. (2018). Plant-pollinator interactions database for construction of potential networks. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. https://doi.org/10.5285/6d8d5cb5-bd54-4da7-903a-15bd4bbd531b 2362 Robert L. Minckley San Bernardino Valley from the year 2000 to 2011. 90 San Diego Natural History Museum 249 Sarah E Miller. 06/10/2015. Species associations manually extracted from Chamberlin, W. J. The Buprestidae of North America, Exclusive of Mexico, a Catalogue including Synonomy, Bibliography, Distribution, Type Locality and Hosts of Each Species,. 1926. 131 Sarah E Miller. 12/13/2016. Species associations manually extracted from Onstad, D.W. EDWIP: Ecological Database of the World's Insect Pathogens. Champaign, Illinois: Illinois Natural History Survey, [23/11/2016]. http://insectweb.inhs.uiuc.edu/Pathogens/EDWIP. 946 Sarah E Miller. 4/18/2016. Species associations from Wardeh, M. et al. Database of host-pathogen and related species interactions, and their global distribution. Sci. Data 2:150049 doi: 10.1038/sdata.2015.49 (2015) 1 Sarah E Miller. 4/20/2015. Species associations manually extracted from various papers and articles from site https://repository.si.edu 4 Sarah E Miller. 5/28/2015. Arnaud, Paul Henri. A Host-parasite Catalog of North American Tachinidae (Diptera). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration, 1978. 756 Sarah E Miller. 5/30/2016. Interations from various papers. 1326 Sarah E Miller. 6/19/2015. Species associations manually extracted from datasets https://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/interactionweb/resources.html. 517 Sarah E Miller. 6/22/2015. Species associations manually extracted from datasets https://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/interactionweb/resources.html. 401 Sarah E Miller. 6/25/2015. Species associations manually extracted from Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson. 2 Sarah E Miller. 7/6/2016. Arctos collection. 4 Sarah E Miller. 7/7/2016. Text gathered from Wirta, H.K., Vesterinen, E.J., Hambäck, P.A., Weingartner, E., Rasmussen, C., Reneerkens, J., Schmidt, N.M., Gilg, O. and Roslin, T., 2015. Exposing the structure of an Arctic food web. Ecology and evolution, 5(17), pp.3842-3856. 2 Sarah E Miller. 9/15/2016. Species associations extracted from http://parasiticplants.siu.edu/index.html. 25 Sarah E Miller. 9/19/2016. Species associations extracted from Graystock, P., Blane, E.J., McFrederick, Q.S., Goulson, D. and Hughes, W.O., 2016. Do managed bees drive parasite spread and emergence in wild bees?. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 5(1), pp.64-75. 1859 Sarah E. Miller. 07/06/2017. Information extracted from dataset https://www.idigbio.org/portal/recordsets/db4bb0df-8539-4617-ab5f-eb118aa3126b. 3 Scott L. Gardner and Gabor R. Racz (2021). University of Nebraska State Museum - Parasitology. Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. University of Nebraska State Museum. 1920 Seltmann, K., Van Wagner, J., Behm, R., Brown, Z., Tan, E., & Liu, K. (2020). BID: A project to share biotic interaction and ecological trait data about bees (Hymenoptera: Anthophila). UC Santa Barbara: Cheadle Center for Biodiversity and Ecological Restoration. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1g21k7bf 16 Species Connect. https://speciesconnect.com 3 Species Interactions of Australia Database (SIAD): Helping us to understand species interactions in Australia and beyond. http://www.discoverlife.org/siad/ . 131252 Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network (SCAN) 619 Texas A&M University Insect Collection 43 The Albert J. Cook Arthropod Research Collection 701 The International Barcode of Life Consortium (2016). International Barcode of Life project (iBOL). Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/inygc6 72087 USGS Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) IPT 23 Udy, Kristy; Reininghaus, Hannah; Scherber, Christoph; Tscharntke, Teja (2020), Data from: Plant-pollinator interactions along an urbanization gradient from cities and villages to farmland landscapes, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4mw6m906s 894 United States Geological Survey (USGS) Pollinator Library. https://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/pollinator. 4471 University of Colorado Museum of Natural History Entomology Collection 196 University of Hawaii Insect Museum 18952 University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Insect Division. Full Database Export 2020-11-20 provided by Erika Tucker and Barry Oconner. 3125 University of New Hampshire Collection of Insects and other Arthropods UNHC-UNHC 3125 University of New Hampshire Donald S. Chandler Entomological Collection 9 Urban M, Cuzick A, Rutherford K, Irvine A, Pedro H, Pant R, Sadanadan V, Khamari L, Billal S, Mohanty S, Hammond-Kosack KE. PHI-base: a new interface and further additions for the multi-species pathogen-host interactions database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017 Jan 4;45(D1):D604-D610. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkw1089. Epub 2016 Dec 3. PMID:27915230 3 WIRC / University of Wisconsin Madison WIS-IH / Wisconsin Insect Research Collection 7592 Web of Life. http://www.web-of-life.es . 196 Yale University Peabody Museum Collections Data Portal 69460 http://iNaturalist.org is a place where you can record what you see in nature, meet other nature lovers, and learn about the natural world. 5 http://invertebrates.si.edu/parasites.htm 3361 https://mangal.io - the ecological interaction database. Included files - 1-GBID-statistics.csv - number of interaction records by date per family - bee_data_BID.sh - script for separating bee records from the GloBI database interactions.tsv file - interactions.tsv.gz - snapshot of the GloBI database from November 7, 2022 - indexed_interactions_bees.tsv.zip - bee records from the GloBI database on November 7, 2022 - uniq_citations.tsv - list of unique citations indicating bee interactions - Andrenidae_data_unique.tsv - Andrenidae records - Apidae_data_unique.tsv - Apidae records - Colletidae_data_unique.tsv - Colletidae records - Halictidae_data_unique.tsv - Halictidae records - Megachilidae_data_unique.tsv - Megachilidae records - Melittidae_data_unique.tsv - Melittidae records - Stenotritidae_data_unique.tsv - Stenotritidae records - README.md - this file References GloBI Community. (2022). Global Biotic Interactions: Interpreted Data Products (0.4) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3950589 Poelen JH, Simons JD, Mungall CJ (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2014.08.005 Seltmann KC, Allen J, Brown BV, Carper A, Engel MS, Franz N, Gilbert E, Grinter C, Gonzalez VH, Horsley P, Lee S, Maier C, Miko I, Morris P, Oboyski P, Pierce NE, Poelen J, Scott VL, Smith M, Talamas EJ, Tsutsui ND, Tucker E (2021) Announcing Big-Bee: An initiative to promote understanding of bees through image and trait digitization. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5: e74037. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.74037 Acknowledgements This project is supported by the National Science Foundation. Award numbers: DBI:2102006, DBI:2101929, DBI:2101908, DBI:2101876, DBI:2101875, DBI:2101851, DBI:2101345, DBI:2101913, DBI:2101891 and DBI:210185