Enhancing operational stability in perovskite solar cells by solvent-free encapsulation method

The long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is one of the main concerns regarding the upscaling of this technology. In this paper, we develop a simple, fast, and green method to encapsulate perovskite solar cells, maintaining the optoelectronic properties after water immersion. The use of a photo-curable monomer as a sealant offers a fast encapsulation process as well as avoids the need for a solvent that could degrade the perovskite layer. Electrical characterization of the devices (J–V curves and IS) barely shows any changes in the sample's behaviour. In addition, encapsulated samples kept 80% of their initial PCE after the aging test (e.g., ISOS-D-1) as well as after exposure to harsh environmental conditions such as high humidity (>80% RH) and elevated temperature (140 °C). The article presents an insight into the electrical processes after the encapsulation method, paving the way for the development of an efficient method to protect high efficient solar cells