Evaluation of antibacterial potentialities of Terminalia arjuna wight & arn leaf gall: an ethnomedicinal plant

ABSTRACT In the current exploration an attempt has been made to assess the antibacterial potentialities of Terminalia arjuna Wight and Arn leaf galls. It belongs to the family Combretaceae commonly known as ‘Arjuna’, an important ethno medicinal plant. The different solvent extract of T. arjuna leaf gall were subjected to antibacterial activity, total phenol and total carbohydrate content estimation. The antimicrobial susceptibility was screened by means of well diffusion, disc diffusion, MIC and MBC methods. The result showed that the methanol extract was active against both gram negative and gram positive bacteria, when compared to other solvent extracts. The methanol extract of leaf gall showed optimum activity against Pesudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-7903), Enterobacter aerogenes (MTCC-7325), Enterococcus faecalis (MTCC – 6845) and Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC- 3160). The highest amount of phenolic content was observed in methanol extract (93.62 µg GAE/mg of extract) followed by acetone >water >chloroform. The highest value of carbohydrate were observed in water extract (80.90 µg/mg of extract) followed by >acetone > methanol > chloroform. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of exploiting the antimicrobial properties of leaf gall of Terminalia arjuna. Our results indicated that the Terminalia arjuna leaf gall possess potential antibacterial activity. Keywords: T. arjuna, Methanol extract, Antibacterial activity. REFERENCES Ahmad, I. and Aquil, F. 2007. In vitro efficacy of bioactive extracts of 15 medicinal plants against ES ß - lactamase producing multidrug resistant enteric bacteria. Microbio. Res.162: 264 -275 Akram, M., Shahid, M. and Khan, A.U. 2007. Etiology and antibiotic resistance pattern of community acquired urinary infections in J N M C Hospital Aigarh India. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. 6: 4-13. 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