Subspecies and Distribution. C. a. alpinus Pallas, 1811 — C Russia and W China southward through India to Bhutan and Bangladesh. C. a. hesperius Afanas'ev & Zolotarev, 1935 — E Russia, China, and SE Asia. C. a. sumatrensis Hardwicke, 1821 — Sumatra and Java. in Canidae

Subspecies and Distribution. C. a. alpinus Pallas, 1811 — C Russia and W China southward through India to Bhutan and Bangladesh. C. a. hesperius Afanas'ev & Zolotarev, 1935 — E Russia, China, and SE Asia. C. a. sumatrensis Hardwicke, 1821 — Sumatra and Java.Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2009, Canidae, pp. 352-446 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 1 Carnivores, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 423, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.633115