Contemporary methods of prevention and early detection of cervical cancer - a review of the literature

Zygmunt Ewelina, Chojęta Dariusz, Zimna Aleksandra, Wróblewski Hubert, Maziarz Barbara, Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina. Contemporary methods of prevention and early detection of cervical cancer - a review of the literature. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(7):173-179. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.07.017 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.07.017 https://zenodo.org/record/3953545 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.06.2020. Revised: 05.07.2020. Accepted: 21.07.2020. Contemporary methods of prevention and early detection of cervical cancer - a review of the literature Ewelina Zygmunt1, Dariusz Chojęta1, Aleksandra Zimna1, Hubert Wróblewski1, Barbara Maziarz1, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna2 1Student Scientific Association at the Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland 2Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research Methodology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Abstract Cervical carcinoma remains a significant health problem, despite the progressive fall in the mortality rate during the past 60 years. However, cervical carcinoma is still the most common cancer among women worldwide and the leading cancer cause of death in many countries. The primary strategy to reduce the incidence and death rate from cervical carcinoma is screening by cervical cytology. The knowledge that persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer has resulted in the development of prophylactic vaccines to prevent HPV infection and HPV assays that detect nucleic acids of the virus. This study is a review of currently available methods of prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Key words: cervical carcinoma, Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, cytology, prevention, early detection