New Physics I: The Dynamic System of Photons and the Large-scale Structure of Universe

Did you ever contemplate the impetus for starlight to escape from stellar gravity without decelerating, or the observable radius of the universe for an observer 10 billion light-years from Earth (note any planet is not the center of the isotropic universe)? Have you ever envisioned how Sir Isaac Newton would resolve the big unanswered questions in contemporary physics? Carrying forward Newton's physical thoughts, this study has identified the geometric curve corresponding to starlight's geodesic and discovered the relationship between polarization, waves, and spin of photons. As a result, the dynamic equation \(c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\varepsilon_{0}\mu_{0}}}=\sqrt{g_{\mathrm{u}}r_{\mathrm{u}}}=\sqrt{\frac{P_{\mathrm{vac}}}{\rho_{\mathrm{vac}}}}=\frac{h/m_{\gamma}}{4\pi}\int_{0}^{\pi}\frac{\text{sin}\theta\mathrm{d}\theta}{r}\ \) (\(rm_{\gamma}c=\frac{h}{2\pi}\); \(m_{\gamma}\) is not a rest mass but an energy factor) of photons is ascertained, and several crucial cosmological constants of the large-scale universe are directly derived from fundamental theories. Moreover, the paper illuminates the nature of gravitation and clarifies the relativistic geometric interpretation of spacetime that has baffled the public. This article can be considered a preface to the theory of everything (TOE)