Bacteriological Profile & Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Routine Clinical Isolates at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western U.P.

Background: Irrational & overuse of broad spectrum antibiotics such 2nd & 3rd generation cephalosporins greatly hastens the development of resistance in bacteria. Antibiotic resistance among bacteria is becoming more and more serious problem throughout the world. The bacteriological profile & the resistance pattern vary widely in any particular area or hospital or even in different wards within a hospital. Therefore it is prudent to evaluate the prevalent bacteria causing infection & their resistance patterns which is a helpful to guide the clinicians in selecting antibiotics for various infections. Thus this prospective observational study was undertaken to document the prevalence of common bacterial isolates and their antibiotic resistance patterns of various clinical samples from patients attending the OPDs & admitted in the IPDs of the tertiary care hospital. Methods: The present prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, K D Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, a tertiary care centre in Western U.P, for a period of 1 year from February 2018 to January 2019. A total 1987 clinical samples (urine, blood, sputum, pus etc.) were collected and processed for culture, identification as per standard recommended procedures and antibiotic susceptibility testing were carried out on isolates as per Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results: Total 1987 samples were received in Department of Microbiology over a period of 1 year from February 2018 to January 2019 and 963(48.46%) were positive on culture which included 896(93.04%) bacterial and 67(6.95%) yeast isolates. E.coli, 356 (39.73%) was the predominant isolate followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 102(11.38%). The resistance pattern in E.coli to ceftazidime, amoxicillin clavulanic acid and imipenem was 52.2%, 44.3% and 9.5% respectively. Among S. aureus, 36.06% (22/61) strains were methicillin resistant. Conclusion: Our study concluded that gram negative bacteria still remain the predominant causes in most of the clinical infections in health care settings. It further provides an insight to the clinicians into the resistance pattern of different bacterial isolates from different samples