Causes of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents

Maślak Agnieszka, Kusz Monika, Pawluczuk Paulina, Alzubedi Adam, Polski Paweł. Causes of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2020;10(5):11-18. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2020.10.05.001 https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2020.10.05.001 https://zenodo.org/record/3784508 The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019. © The Authors 2020; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.04.2020. Revised: 20.04.2020. Accepted: 04.05.2020. ‘ Causes of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Agnieszka Maślak1, Monika Kusz1, Paulina Pawluczuk1, Adam Alzubedi2, Paweł Polski2 1. Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin 2. Department of General and Transplant Surgery and Nutritional Treatment, Medical University of Lublin Abstract Obesity is caused by positive energy balance. Excessive body weight in children is classified by using charts for body mass index (BMI). The prevalence of overweight and obesity is a growing public health problem worldwide. Excess body fat may lead to serious health problems in later life, so it is important to know the main reasons causing weight gain. Those could be classified as genetic and non-genetic factors. The second ones include medical problems (e.g. endocrine and neurological diseases), family and social impact, environmental influence, bad eating habits, sedentary lifestyle, cultural factors. There are two most important phases in life such as infancy and puberty, which may determine development of overweight or obesity. It is crucial to pay special attention on those periods to prevent weight gain development. Key words: overweight, obesity, die