Genetic Variability, Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Enda Mehoni District, Northern Ethiopia

Abstract: The experiment was laid out in 6x6 lattice design with three replications to evaluate 36 bread wheat genotypes. The objectives were to determine the extent of variability, heritability and genetic advance of traits and to assess the variability of bread wheat via multi variate analysis. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (≤0.01) among genotypes for all the traits considered, indicating the presence of adequate variability among the genotypes. In this study, the values for phenotypic coefficients of variance ranged from 4.49 % for days to heading to 16.19 % for grain yield while genotypic coefficients of variance ranged from 3.29 % days to heading to 14.52 % for grain yield. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variance had moderate values for grain yield (16.19, 14.52) and grain filling period (12.59, 11.52) respectively. Heritability was high for most of the traits studied except days to heading (54%) and plant height (67%), which had moderate heritability values. High heritability values coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for grain yield and grain filling period which indicated that additive gene action plays a key role in controlling the expression and existence of high expected genetic gain through selection. Two principal components with eigenvalues greater than unity explained 68% of the total variation. Quantitative traits based cluster analysis classified the genotypes in to five distinct clusters. In general, existence of adequate genetic variation was revealed which can be used in bread wheat improvement. Keywords: Cluster Analysis, Coefficients of Variances. Genetic Advance, Heritability, Principal Component Analysis. Title: Genetic Variability, Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Enda Mehoni District, Northern Ethiopia Author: Assefa Amare International Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences ISSN 2394-966X Vol. 10, Issue 4, July 2023 - August 2023 Page No: 1-6 Novelty Journals Website: www.noveltyjournals.com Published Date: 12-July-2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8138649 Paper Download Link (Source) https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Genetic%20Variability,%20Principal%20Component-12072023-3.pdfInternational Journal of Novel Research in Life Sciences, ISSN 2394-966X, Novelty Journals, Website: www.noveltyjournals.co