Tolerance in Organ Transplantation: Evolution of Strategies

The primary objectives of prolonging survival of transplanted organs and their recipients are compromised by cell-mediated and antibody-mediated rejections, infections, side-effects of immunosuppressive agents, malignancies and no-adherence [1]. Strategies to eliminate the need of long-term immunosuppressive agents and induction of tolerance have been the goal of research for 60 years. Transplantation tolerance is defined as induced modification of the host immune system which leads to indefinite, drugfree, transplant survival with maintenance of full incompetenc